What are the Components of Selenium?

Selenium is one of the famous open-source tools used for automating web applications. It is used for the execution of test scripts or test cases on web apps. Selenium supports various programming languages such as:

PHP, Python, JavaScript, Java, C#, and Ruby.

It is language-independent, which clears that it was developed using Java, and can be used with C#, Java, PHP, JavaScript, etc. It is also platform-independent. The framework or code, developed using C#/Java, can be implemented on different platforms/OS like:

“ Mac OS, Windows OS, and Linux”.

Selenium supports different browsers such as Edge Browser (Windows 10), Google Chrome, Safari, Firefox Browser, Internet Explorer, etc. Each browser has its distinct driver to execute test scripts on their browsers; for instance, to execute Selenium scripts on Chrome, we have Chrome drivers.

Google Chrome driver and Internet Explorer (IE) driver support both 32-bit & 64-bit versions, which we can download and use on the basis of our system requirements.

Selenium has 4 special components that are:

Selenium IDE (Integrated Development Environment)

Selenium GRID

Selenium 1.0 (Also called as Remote Control)

Selenium 2.0/3.0 (Also called as Webdriver)

Selenium IDE- Selenium Integrated Development Environment is a GUI based application. It supports Edit, Record, and debugging features, also named Record/Replay or Record/Playback. It is a Firefox Add-on/Extension which works only in the old version of the Firefox browser. We can also write our own extensions and implement loops. Selenium- Integrated Development Environment is very user-friendly.

Selenium RC- It was one of the first tools of Selenium Suite. Previously it was called as JavaScript Executor. Remote Control was the tool that made Selenium prominent in the market. It was one of the first tools which provided support for multiple programming languages (Perl, PHP, JAVA, Ruby, Python, and C#). It also supported almost all the major names of Browsers like Google Chrome, Internet Explorer Mozilla Firefox, etc. Selenium RC is also known as Selenium 1.

Selenium WebDriver- Selenium WebDriver is the significant tool of the Selenium suite. Because of many restrictions with RC, WebDriver was developed. It doesn’t require any manual method like the Selenium Server. There is direct communication between browser and code. Test Scripts interrelate directly with the browser. The execution is speedy compared to Selenium RC. It can easily support programming languages like PHP, Perl, C#, Java, and Python and several platforms to execute test cases, like Linux, Windows OS, and Mac OS. It supports remote as well as parallel execution.

Selenium GRID- Selenium Grid is neither a GUI based tool nor an API like Selenium WebDriver/ Remote Control. Instead, Selenium Grid is just a model, which will allow us to distribute the multiple tests across many machines, multiple OS, and multiple browsers for execution. Selenium Grid accelerates the execution process when there is a vast number of tests. i.e. the Huge list of tests will be spread across multiple machines and carry out at the same time for dropping the execution time.

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